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目的:对2006～2007年度达州市流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)进行流行病学及临床治疗分析。方法:收集本院66例诊断为乙脑的住院患者的相关资料,对流行病学特征、临床特点、实验室检查及治疗转归进行分析。结果:乙脑患者,以3～7岁组患儿居多,占54.5%,发病高峰在八月份,大部分患儿均出现发热、抽搐、头痛、呕吐及意识障碍,8例患者出现并发症。出院时痊愈46例,占69.7%;死亡9例,占13.6%;自动出院11例,占16.7%。结论:治疗无特效药,早期使用静脉丙种球蛋白对患儿降温、促醒及降低死亡率均有明显效果,恢复期给予脑功能营养药物及高压氧治疗,以减少乙脑患儿的后遗症。
Objective: To analyze the epidemiology and clinical treatment of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Dazhou from 2006 to 2007. Methods: The data of 66 inpatients diagnosed as JE in our hospital were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests and treatment outcome were analyzed. Results: The majority of children with JE were children aged 3 to 7 years old, accounting for 54.5%. The incidence peak was in August. Most children had fever, convulsions, headache, vomiting and disturbance of consciousness. Eight patients had complications. At discharge, 46 cases were cured, accounting for 69.7%; 9 died, accounting for 13.6%; 11 cases were discharged automatically, accounting for 16.7%. Conclusion: The treatment of non-specific drugs, early use of intravenous gamma globulin on children with cooling, waking up and reducing mortality have significant effect, convalescent brain function of nutritional supplements and hyperbaric oxygen therapy to reduce the sequelae of children with JE.