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目的提供高效、准确的股外侧皮神经超声探测的方法,并评估其解剖变异。方法以阔筋膜张肌和缝匠肌之间的间隙作为股外侧皮神经声像图定位标志,18 MHz超声探测150例志愿者的股外侧皮神经。测量神经与髂前上棘之间的距离,观察腹股沟韧带水平的神经分支数目和神经与腹股沟韧带之间的关系,并记录探查时间。结果所有受检者的股外侧皮神经在阔筋膜张肌和缝匠肌之间的肌间隙均清晰显示。股外侧皮神经与髂前上棘之间的平均距离为(15.4±4.1)mm。其中252条神经走行于腹股沟韧带的深面,此水平的神经由1~4根分支组成。鉴别一条神经的平均时间为7s。结论以阔筋膜张肌和缝匠肌的间隙作为声像图定位标志,有助于超声高效,准确地显示股外侧皮神经,超声可观察其解剖学变异。
Objective To provide an efficient and accurate method of ultrasonic exploration of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and assess its anatomic variation. Methods The gap between tensor fascia and sartorius muscle was taken as the location mark of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of 150 volunteers was detected by 18 MHz ultrasound. The distance between the nerve and the anterior superior iliac spine was measured, the number of nerve branches at the inguinal ligament level and the relationship between the nerve and inguinal ligament were observed, and the probing time was recorded. Results All subject’s lateral femoral cutaneous nerve showed clearly in the muscle space between tensor fascia and sartorius muscle. The average distance between the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and the anterior superior iliac spine was (15.4 ± 4.1) mm. 252 of which run deep in the inguinal ligament, the level of nerve by 1 to 4 branches. The average time to identify a nerve is 7s. Conclusion The lag between the tensor fascia latae and the sartorius muscle serves as a sonographic landmark, which helps to display the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve efficiently and accurately. The anatomic variation can be observed by ultrasound.