论文部分内容阅读
目的 了解巴中市辖区内活禽交易市场环境禽流感污染状况,为制定人感染禽流感防控方案提供依据.方法 集中采集市辖5个县区全部活禽市场105个交易点的禽类粪便及所接触表面及水质标本396份,采用实时荧光RT-PCR进行禽流感病毒及H5、H7、H9亚型流感病毒核酸检测.结果 在各县区均检出禽流感,市场的阳性率为28.6％,H5亚型检出率为4.6％(2.6％～6.0％)、H9亚型检出率15.4％ (9.9％ ～ 25.4％)、H7亚型检出率0.3％.禽流感病毒及H5、H9亚型检出率城区市场均明显高于乡镇,且H7亚型1份也在城区市场检出.清洗禽类污水较其他环境样本检出率高.结论 H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感病毒在巴中市广泛存在,活禽市场环境污染严重,鉴于2014年巴中市首次发现国内罕见的人感染H9N2流感病例和人感染H5与H7流感的严重危害性,建议政府相关部门加强活禽交易市场管理,必要时,严格执行清洗、消毒、休市制度,减少环境中病毒污染,降低人感染禽流感的风险.“,”Objective To investigate the situation of avian influenza contaminiation in the live poultry markets in Bazhong and provide evidence for developing the strategy to prevent and control avian influenza in human.Methods A total of 396 samples were collected in total,including poultry manure as well as the contact surface and water being exposed to the manure,from all the 105 live poultry markets in the five counties and districts in Bazhong.The influenza A virus and its subtype H5,H7,H9 were assessed in the samples by real-time RT-PCR.Results The influenza viruses were defected from the samples from all the five counties and districts.A total of 104 samples were influenza A virus positive,and the detection rate was 26.3％ (22.1％-41.8％).Among the virus-positive samples,H5 subtype was identified in 4.6％ (2.6％-6.0％),H9 subtype in 15.4％ (9.9％-25.4％) and H7 subtype in 0.3％.The detection rates of avian influenza viruses including subtype H5 and H9 were obviously higher in urban markets than in rural markets.In addition,one H7 subtype -positive sample was collected from the urban market.The detection rate in poultry processing wastewater was higher that in other environment samples.Conclusion H5,H7,H9 subtype avian influenza viruses spread widely in Bazhong,especially in the live poultry markets.Considering that the case of H9N2 infection in human was reported for the first time in Bazhong in 2014 as well as the danger of H5 and H7 subtype influenza infection in human,the suggestion to the government is strengthening the management of live poultry markets and,when necessary,strictly implementing the cleaning,disinfection and market closure systems to reduce the virus spread and the risk of avian influenza infection in human.