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目的:研究杆卡附着体下颌种植覆盖义齿在各种咬合状态时下颌牙槽骨的应力分布。方法:制作杆卡附着体下颌种植覆盖义齿光弹模型,采用三维冷冻光弹法分析正中、前伸、侧向咬合状态下种植体周围与余留牙槽嵴的应力。结果:三种咬合状态下,种植体颈部和尖周牙槽骨应力值较大,尖周应力值大于颈部应力值;余留牙槽嵴最大应力值出现在磨牙区。侧向牙合工作侧各牙位切片的最大应力值出现于唇颊侧,平衡侧各牙位切片的最大应力值出现于舌侧;前伸牙合侧切牙区唇侧应力最大,中线区及后牙区应力最大值出现于舌侧。结论:杆卡式种植覆盖义齿在正中、前伸、侧向咬合状态下,种植体周围骨组织应力值较大,不利于种植体的健康,因此应用杆卡式附着体时,可考虑增加种植体,扩大基托面积,依据平衡牙合排牙以分散牙合力。
OBJECTIVE: To study the stress distribution of mandibular alveolar bone in mandibular implant overdentures under various occlusal conditions. Methods: The model of mandibular implant overdenture with photomask attached to mandibular attachment was fabricated. The stress around the implant and the remaining alveolar ridge were analyzed by three-dimensional frozen photoelastic method. Results: Under the three occlusal conditions, the stress values of the implant alveolar bone and periapical alveolar bone were larger and the apical stress values were greater than the cervical stress values. The maximum stress value of remaining alveolar ridge appeared in the molar area. The maximal stress value of each tooth slice in lateral occlusal side appeared on the lip and buccal side, and the maximum stress value of each tooth slice in balance side appeared on the lingual side. The maxilla stress of the maxillary incisor area was maximal, Posterior maxillary stress appears on the lingual side. CONCLUSION: In the middle, anterior and lateral occlusion state, the stress of the bone tissue around the implant is larger than that of the rod-shaped implant overdenture, which is not good for the health of the implant. Therefore, when using the rod-shaped attachment, Body, expand the base area, according to the balance of occlusal teeth to disperse the occlusal force.