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一、引言南朝鲜经济从1986年至1988年连续三年取得了两位数的高增长,1989年虽有大幅度下降,但同欧美发达国家相比,仍取得了相当高的增长。过去带动南朝鲜经济增长起重要作用的是出口。但是,从1989年的情况看,与上一年相比,出口只增长2.8%,为623.8亿美元。出口大体只维持在1988年的水平上,究其原因有以下几点:(1)自1987年6月民主化宣言以后急剧加大的劳资纠纷,1989年仍在继续发展,而且激化和长期化了。(2)工资大幅度上涨,导致生产成本增加,国际竞争力明显下降。(3)日元贬值,南朝鲜货币升值,导
I. Introduction The economy of South Korea achieved double-digit high growth for three consecutive years from 1986 to 1988, although it dropped sharply in 1989, it still achieved quite high growth compared with the developed countries in Europe and the United States. In the past, the important factor that led to the economic growth in south Korea was exports. However, judging from the situation in 1989, exports increased only 2.8% from the previous year to 62.38 billion U.S. dollars. Exports have generally remained at 1988 levels for the following reasons: (1) The sharp increase in labor disputes since the democratization declaration of June 1987 continued to develop in 1989, and intensified and protracted It’s (2) Salaries have risen sharply, leading to increased production costs and a marked decline in international competitiveness. (3) the devaluation of the yen, the appreciation of South Korea’s currency, guide