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1949年，中华人民共和国成立时，中国的原油生产量只不过是生产12×104t，但过了40余年之后的现在，已成为生产13800×104t的居世界第五位的多产油国。不过，伊拉克由于海湾战争丧失了产油大国的能力，因此若它恢复了能力，中国就居世界第六位，但不管怎样也是一个飞跃性的发展。目前，东部油田进入高含水阶段，如何提高采收率成为主要课题。大庆油田为实现稳产至2000年的目标，采取了一系列措施。西部油田从80年代开始进行大规模勘探，但进展并不顺利，需要相当规模的资金和先进的技术做后盾。文中还简要介绍了海洋油田的现状及其开发成果。
When the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, China’s crude oil production was only 12 × 104t. But more than 40 years later, it has become the world’s fifth-largest oil-producing country with a capacity of 13,800 × 104t. However, Iraq lost its ability to become a major oil producing nation as a result of the Gulf War. Therefore, if it regained its capabilities, China ranks sixth in the world but in any case it is also a dramatic development. At present, the east oilfield enters the stage of high water cut, and how to increase oil recovery becomes a major issue. Daqing Oilfield to achieve steady production target to 2000, has taken a series of measures. The western oilfields started large-scale exploration from the 1980s, but the progress is not smooth and requires a considerable amount of capital and advanced technology backing. The article also briefly introduced the status quo of marine oil fields and their development achievements.