疫苗是指用各类病原微生物制作的用于预防接种的生物制品。疫苗一般分为两类:预防性疫苗和治疗性疫苗。预防性疫苗主要用于疾病的预防,接受者为健康个体或新生儿。治疗性疫苗主要用于患病的个体,接受者为患者。疫苗的发现在人类发展史具有里程碑的意义。因为从某种意义上说,人类繁衍生息的历史就是不断同疾病和自然灾害斗争的历史,控制传染性疾病最主要 Vaccine refers to the use of various types of pathogenic microorganisms for vaccination of biological products. Vaccines generally fall into two categories: prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic vaccines. Preventive vaccine is mainly used for the prevention of diseases, the recipient is healthy individuals or newborns. Therapeutic vaccine is mainly used for the affected individual, the recipient for the patient. The discovery of vaccines has a milestone in the history of human development. Because in a sense, the history of mankind’s multiplication is the history of constant struggle against diseases and natural disasters, and the most important thing is to control infectious diseases