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通过对四川凉山矮子沟流域的勘查,结合遥感解译及矮子沟流域的地质活动历史,分析“6·28”矮子沟泥石流的影响因素,在此基础上分析了矮子沟泥石流的成因。“6·28”矮子沟泥石流是在地震、人类活动及干旱影响下,受强降雨激发,坡面及支沟先发生泥石流,支沟泥石流堵塞主沟泄洪通道,强降雨使堵塞体瞬间溃决形成较大山洪,山洪的强大揭底作用使沟床松散固体物质启动,沿途不断有岸坡坍塌补给,中下游段有大块石加入,规模不断增大而形成。采用形态调查法计算的泥石流流量为925.91m3/s,泥石流总量为57.4×104 m3,一次固体物质总量为27×104 m3。通过对矮子沟流域的物源、地形及流域的气候特征研究,得出初步结论:近期泥石流的规模和频率都会降低,但在极端干旱、地震和强降雨的偶然联合作用下,依然可能发生大规模的泥石流灾害。
Based on the exploration of the Dazigou valley in Liangshan, Sichuan Province and the remote sensing interpretation and the history of geological activities in the Dzizigou valley, the influencing factors of the debris flow in the Dazigou Valley of the “6.28” Dazi Gully were analyzed. The causes of the debris flow in the Dizi Gully were analyzed. Under the influence of earthquakes, human activities and droughts, the debris flow in the ditch groove was stimulated by heavy rainfall. Debris flow occurred first on the slope and in the branch ditch. Debris flow was blocked by the debris flow in the main channel to flood discharge channel. Rainfall blocked the body instantaneously The formation of larger torrents of floods and the powerful revelation of flash floods led to the start of loose solid materials in the ditches and the continuous supply of slump along the way. Large stones were added to the middle and lower reaches of the ditch, forming an increasingly large scale. The debris flow calculated by morphological survey is 925.91m3 / s, the total debris flow is 57.4 × 104 m3, and the total amount of primary solid is 27 × 104 m3. Through the study of the source and topography of the Dazigou River Basin and the climatic characteristics of the river basin, preliminary conclusions are drawn: the scale and frequency of the debris flow will be reduced in the near future, but it may still occur under the accidental combination of extreme drought, earthquake and heavy rainfall Scale of debris flow disaster.