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目的通过对北京市海淀区日常食品及食物中毒样本检出的金黄色葡萄球菌进行肠毒素分型检测,比较两种分离菌株的肠毒素分布差异。方法实验所用的金黄色葡萄球菌为2007-2012年海淀区日常食品和食物中毒样本中分离检出的菌株,依据GB 4789.10-2010采用ELISA方法测定金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素(SEA-SEE)。结果 127株金黄色葡萄球菌中有108株肠毒素阳性,产肠毒素阳性率为85.0%。日常食品检出金黄色葡萄球菌93株,76株菌产肠毒素,产肠毒素阳性率为81.7%;食物中毒样本检出金黄色葡萄球菌34株,32株菌产肠毒素,产肠毒素阳性率为94.1%。产1种肠毒素和同时产3种肠毒素的菌株分别是47、37株,在产毒株中分别占43.5%和34.3%。食物中毒分离株产SEA和SED的比例(65.6%、65.6%)大于日常食品分离株(32.9%、30.3%).共有98株菌产SEE,在产毒株中占90.7%,肠毒素类型分布由高到低依次为E、A、D、C、B。结论食源性金黄色葡萄球菌产毒素能力较强,金黄色葡萄球菌食物中毒分离株和日常食品分离株在肠毒素分布上有差异。
Objective To detect the Staphylococcus aureus detected by routine food and food poisoning samples in Haidian District, Beijing. The differences of enterotoxin distribution between the two strains were compared. Methods The Staphylococcus aureus used in the experiment was isolated from the samples of daily food and food poisoning in Haidian District from 2007 to 2012. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin (SEA-SEE) was determined by ELISA according to GB 4789.10-2010. Results Of 127 Staphylococcus aureus 108 enterotoxigenic positive enterotoxigenic positive rate of 85.0%. 93 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected in daily food, 76 strains of enterotoxigenic enterotoxin, the positive rate of producing enterotoxins was 81.7%; 34 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected in food poisoning samples, 32 strains of enterotoxigenic enterotoxins positive The rate was 94.1%. Strains producing 1 enterotoxin and 3 kinds of enterotoxins simultaneously produced 47 and 37 strains, accounting for 43.5% and 34.3% of those producing strains, respectively. The percentages of SEA and SED produced by food poisoning isolates (65.6%, 65.6%) were higher than that of routine foodstuff isolates (32.9%, 30.3%). There were 98 SEE isolates producing 90.7% From high to low order E, A, D, C, B. Conclusion Food-producing Staphylococcus aureus has strong ability to produce toxins, and Staphylococcus aureus food poisoning strains and daily food isolates have different distribution of enterotoxins.