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从制度和演化经济学的视角来看,经济组织取得成绩一方面来自于市场扩大带来的配置效率,另一方面来自制度发展的“适应效率”。欧洲一体化的进程可以被看做是复杂开放系统的演进。其中,利益偏好不同的行为者选择和执行不同的一体化策略,通过博弈产生一体化的制度。所谓经济宪法是指规范经济活动的法律和机构安排的总和。作为一个前所未有的政治实体,欧盟已经具备了在经济领域制宪的能力,但欧盟经济宪法不可能完全取代其成员国的经济宪法,欧盟还不得不在辅助原则的基础上同其成员国分权。
From the perspective of system and evolutionary economics, the achievements made by economic organizations come from the allocation efficiency brought by the market expansion on the one hand, and from the “adaptation efficiency” of system development on the other. The process of European integration can be seen as an evolution of a complex open system. Among them, the different preferences of the different actors to choose and implement different integration strategies, through the game to produce an integrated system. The so-called economic constitution refers to the sum of the legal and institutional arrangements regulating economic activities. As an unprecedented political entity, the EU already possesses the ability to formulate constitutions in the economic field. However, it is impossible for the EU’s economic constitution to completely replace the economic constitution of its member states. The EU also has to decentralize its member states on the basis of the principle of subsidiarity.