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非常规油气资源的勘查和开发利用目前已被提到议事日程。油页岩就是首先要考虑开发利用的、现实的、有可能部分代替常规油气资源的非常规能源之一,并已经成为新能源领域里研究的热点。甘肃省的中生代盆地里不仅赋存有良好的煤炭、石油资源,而且蕴藏着较为丰富的油页岩资源。现已查明,省内油页岩预测资源量至少约2 000亿t,折合页岩油约120亿t。现已探明油页岩资源量约为5亿t,折合页岩油约0.3亿t,潜在经济价值达1 000亿元人民币。油页岩主要赋存于中上三叠统及下中侏罗统中。宏观上呈黑色,略具油脂光泽,硬度较小,质量较好。主要有两种成因类型,一种是产于深湖、半深湖中的油页岩,为腐泥质或腐泥—腐殖质成因,以陇东地区鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的油页岩为例。常单独呈层状产出,埋藏较深,厚4～36m,含油率平均6%。干酪根类型I-II1,产烃率400kg/t。密度一般为1.41～2.59(ARD视密度)。另一种是产于三角洲或浅湖相中的油页岩,为腐殖质成因,也呈层状产出,常与煤共生,这以窑街、炭山岭及华亭油页岩为例,厚度一般5～30m,含油率一般7%～9%,发热量一般3.64～10.49MJ/kg。后一类油页岩一般矿区交通便利、构造简单,埋藏较浅。如果能将煤的开发和油页岩的利用结合起来,相信会取得事半功倍的效果,获得巨大的经济效益。这对西部大开发具有极其重要的意义。
The exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources have now been put on the agenda. Oil shale is one of the unconventional energies that should be developed and utilized first, and realistic, and may partially replace conventional oil and gas resources. It has become a hot spot in the field of new energy. The Mesozoic basins in Gansu Province contain not only good coal and petroleum resources but also abundant oil shale resources. It has been ascertained that the estimated oil resources in the province are at least about 200 billion tons, equivalent to about 12 billion tons of shale oil. The proven oil shale resources amount to about 500 million tons, equivalent to about 300 million tons of shale oil, the potential economic value of 100 billion yuan. Oil shale mainly occurs in Middle-Upper Triassic and Lower-Middle Jurassic. Macroscopically black, slightly greasy gloss, less hardness, better quality. There are mainly two types of genesis. One is oil shale produced in deep lakes and semi-deep lakes, and is the cause of sapropel or sapropel-humus. Taking the oil shale in the southwestern Ordos Basin in Longdong as an example. Often alone layered output, buried deeper, 4 ~ 36m thick, with an average oil content of 6%. Kerogen type I-II1, hydrocarbon production rate 400kg / t. The density is generally 1.41 ~ 2.59 (ARD apparent density). The other is oil shale originating in the delta or shallow lacustrine facies, which is also a humus formation and is also produced in the form of strata and is often co-occurring with coal. The thicknesses are typical for the Yajie, Charcoal Ridge and Huating oil shale 5 ~ 30m, the oil content is generally 7% ~ 9%, the calorific value is generally 3.64 ~ 10.49MJ / kg. The latter type of oil shale general mining area is easily accessible, with simple structure and shallow burial. If we can combine the exploitation of coal with the utilization of oil shale, we believe it will achieve a multiplier effect with great economic benefits. This is of great significance to the development of the western region.