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目的探索大叶桉(Eucalyptus robusta)桉叶提取物体外抗细粒棘球绦虫原头节的活性。方法 2012年1-12月每月24日收集大叶桉成熟叶片,室内自然风干。用石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯和无水乙醇等4种不同极性的溶剂进行超声提取。将不同浓度的提取物与原头节孵育72 h,计算虫体死亡率,计算半数致死浓度(LC_(50))。结果不同溶剂提取物的性状和产率均不同,石油醚提取物为棕黑色油膏状,二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、无水乙醇提取物分别为墨绿色、乳粉色和乳白色粉末状。石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、无水乙醇提取物的平均产率分别为4.4%、2.1%、2.3%和2.3%,石油醚提取物的产率最高,其5月份的产率为5.4%。作用浓度为100μg/ml时,各月份桉叶的石油醚与二氯甲烷提取物对原头节的杀灭作用均达到100%;50μg/ml时,石油醚提取物的杀灭作用也基本达到100%,二氯甲烷提取物次之,强于乙酸乙酯和无水乙醇提取物。对石油醚和二氯甲烷提取物作进一步研究,结果显示,各月份石油醚提取物对原头节的杀灭作用由强到弱依次为6>3>11>4>2>5>10>8>12>7>1>9,其中6月份提取物的作用最强,LC_(50)为2.577μg/ml,95%置信区间为0.85~6.22μg/ml;各月份二氯甲烷提取物的杀灭作用由强到弱依次为:11>5>10>4>7>12>6>9>8>2>3>1,其中11月份的作用最强,LC_(50)为21.85μg/ml,95%置信区间为12.38~36.28μg/ml。结论大叶桉桉叶中含有抗细粒棘球蚴的活性成分,值得做进一步的分离、分析和鉴定。
Objective To explore the activity of Eucalyptus robusta eucalyptus leaf extract on the protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro. Methods From January to December in 2012, the mature leaves of Eucalyptus grandis were collected on the 24th of each month and the plants were air-dried. Ultrasonic extraction was carried out using 4 different polarity solvents such as petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and absolute ethanol. The different concentrations of extracts were incubated with the original head section 72 h, calculate the mortality of parasites, calculate the median lethal concentration (LC_ (50)). Results The properties and yields of different solvent extracts were different. The petroleum ether extract was brown-black ointment. The extracts of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and absolute ethanol were dark green, milky pink and milky white powder, respectively. The average yields of petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and absolute ethanol extract were 4.4%, 2.1%, 2.3% and 2.3%, respectively. The yield of petroleum ether extract was the highest. The yield of petroleum ether extract in May was 5.4%. At the concentration of 100μg / ml, the killing effect of petroleum ether and methylene chloride extract of Eucalyptus leaves on the protoscoleces reached 100% at each month. The killing effect of petroleum ether extract at 50μg / ml was basically reached 100%, followed by methylene chloride extract, stronger than ethyl acetate and absolute ethanol extract. Petroleum ether and methylene chloride extracts for further study, the results showed that the petroleum ether extract of each month on the original head of the killing effect from strong to weak, followed by 6> 3> 11> 4> 2> 5> 10> 8> 12> 7> 1> 9, among which the extract of June had the strongest effect, with LC50 of 2.577μg / ml and 95% confidence interval of 0.85-6.22μg / ml. The killing effect from strong to weak in the order of: 11> 5> 10> 4> 7> 12> 6> 9> 8> 2> 3> 1, of which the role of the strongest in November, LC_ (50) was 21.85μg / ml, 95% confidence interval was 12.38 ~ 36.28μg / ml. Conclusion Eucalyptus grandis leaves contain anti-Echinococcus granulosus active ingredients, worth further separation, analysis and identification.