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目的了解东莞市厚街镇中小学生结核杆菌感染状况,为防控结核病提供科学依据。方法按照广东省中小学生健康体检项目要求,对厚街镇中小学2009年入学新生开展卡介菌纯蛋白衍生物(BCG-PPD)检测。结果 3289名中小学生中,PPD试验总阳性率47.13%,其中阳性率46.49%,强阳性率0.64%。初中生PPD阳性率、强阳性率均显著高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),有随年龄增大呈增高趋势。女学生阳性率、强阳性率均显著高于男学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。公办小学学生PPD阳性率高于民办小学,本地户籍小学生PPD阳性率高于非本地户籍,有卡痕中小学生PPD试验阳性率显著高于无卡痕的学生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对中小学入学新生应进行PPD检测以及同时调查卡痕,了解学生中结核杆菌感染状况与卡介苗接种情况,并对重点人群采取相应防控措施,防止结核病在学校的传播与流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among primary and secondary students in Houjie Town, Dongguan City, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods According to the requirements of the health check-ups for primary and secondary school students in Guangdong Province, BCG-PPD was detected in 2009 freshmen in Houjie Primary and Secondary Schools. Results Among 3289 primary and secondary school students, the total positive rate of PPD test was 47.13%, of which the positive rate was 46.49% and the strong positive rate was 0.64%. The positive rate and the strong positive rate of PPD in junior high school students were significantly higher than those in primary school students, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01), and increased with age. The positive rate and strong positive rate of female students were significantly higher than male students, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The positive rate of PPD in public primary school students was higher than that in private primary schools. The positive rate of PPD in local primary school students was higher than that of non-local household register. The positive rate of PPD in primary and secondary school students with card marks was significantly higher than that of students without card marks (P < 0.01). Conclusions PPD tests should be conducted on freshmen in primary and secondary schools as well as card marks at the same time to understand the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and BCG vaccination among students. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken for key populations to prevent the spread and prevalence of tuberculosis in schools.