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针对亚轨道运载器总体设计多学科耦合的特点,从任务规划、学科建模、集成和求解策略等方面对多学科优化方法进行了研究。以助推亚轨道飞行器为对象,确定了学科模块组成、功能和数据耦合关系。建立了与总体设计过程相适应的7个学科模型,包括几何主模型、气动、推进、弹道、气动热、传热/热防护系统、结构。结合飞行器任务要求和基准方案,从系统级定义了多学科优化问题,包括目标函数、约束条件和设计变量。基于多学科软件框架集成学科模型,采用多学科可行法作为求解框架,建立了亚轨道飞行器多学科优化系统,选择SQP算法完成了以起飞总重为目标的优化。结果显示,优化后,发动机结构、热防护系统有所增加,但结构质量和燃油消耗减小,综合作用使总重减小2.4%,体现了多学科优化的协同作用。
Aiming at the characteristics of multi-disciplinary coupling of sub-orbital vehicle design, multi-disciplinary optimization methods are studied from the aspects of mission planning, disciplinary modeling, integration and solution strategies. To boost the suborbital orbital aircraft as the object, to determine the composition of disciplines, functions and data coupling. Seven disciplinary models that fit with the overall design process are established, including the main geometric model, pneumatic, propulsion, ballistic, aerodynamic heat, heat transfer / thermal protection system, structure. The multi-disciplinary optimization problem is defined from the system level, including the objective function, constraints and design variables, in conjunction with the aircraft mission requirements and the benchmarking scheme. Based on the integrated disciplinary model of multidisciplinary software framework and the multidisciplinary feasible method as the solution framework, a multi-disciplinary optimization system for suborbital aircraft was established. The SQP algorithm was used to optimize the target with the total take-off weight. The results show that after optimization, the engine structure and the thermal protection system have been increased, but the structural quality and fuel consumption have been reduced. The combined effect can reduce the total weight by 2.4%, which reflects the synergistic effect of multidisciplinary optimization.