论文部分内容阅读
幸福指数，这个最早由山国不丹提出的概念在近年来有了不少追随者和附和者。可幸福不是心跳、血压，或者体温，它要怎样衡量呢？
Every quarter, we get the latest figures for the 1)gross domestic product, or GDP. It’s a measure that’s been widely used to 2)gauge the economy since World War II. There’s a growing movement by economists to consider other factors—for example, happiness.
Chris Wood came to Vermont 40 years ago as part of the 3)hippie movement. Now, he’s helped gather 200 people, old and young, from across the state and from as far away as South Africa and Bangladesh, to help launch a new movement.
Chris: We’re about to drop off a very scary cliff that’s never been experienced in this planet, and it’s very urgent that things become very different.
This group hopes to make things different by introducing an idea called gross national happiness. The philosophy comes from the tiny Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan, which long ago pledged not to let gross domestic product overshadow its 4)Buddhist ideals.
Karma Tshiteem (Secretary of Happiness, Bhutan): From a government policy-making 5)perspective, we are more focused on creating the right conditions that can lead people to fulfilling and, hopefully, happy lives.
Karma Tshiteem says they’ve come up with nine key indicators.
Tshiteem: Psychological well-being, community vitality, cultural diversity, time use, good governance, health, education, ecology, and living standards.
Here in Vermont, the hope was to convince people that considering those indicators is equally as important as measuring GDP. GDP soars when money changes hands, particularly in a crisis. But it doesn’t factor in anything without a dollar amount attached, like the time we spend at home with family, or volunteering. Professor Eric Zencey of Empire State College said quality of life shouldn’t get back-burnered.
Zencey says Bhutan isn’t the only place 6)disenchanted with GDP. He points to a study 7)commissioned by the French president last fall to find alternatives, and to the state of Maryland, which in February adopted an indicator that factors in social well-being along with economic growth.
After a day of training, most participants seemed to consider themselves ambassadors of gross national happiness. And like the hippie movement before them, they gathered in a circle to close the day with a gigantic hug.
每个季度，我们都会知道国内生产总值的最新数据，那是自二战以来被广泛用来衡量经济发展的指标。如今，越来越多的经济学家正在考虑采用其他标准，比如：幸福。
克里斯·伍德40年前曾作为嬉皮士运动的参与者来到美国的佛蒙特州。如今，他帮忙从全州各地，甚至远至南非和孟加拉把老老少少两百人聚集在这里，准备发起一个新的运动。
克里斯：从人类历史上看，我们很快就要史无前例地摔个粉身碎骨了，我们迫切需要有一些大动作的变革。
这一群人希望通过引入一个叫“国民幸福总值”的概念来改变现状。这个观念源自位于喜马拉雅山的小王国不丹，他们很早以前就下决心不让佛教的理念逊色于国内生产总值。
卡玛·希提姆（不丹国民幸福总值委员会主任）：从政府决策的角度看，我们把更多的精力放在创造合适的环境，让国民过上充实的生活，同时希望他们的日子是开开心心的。
卡玛·希提姆说，他们总结出九个关键指标。
希提姆：心理健康、社区活力、文化多样性、时间的利用、良好的治理、健康、教育、生态与生活水平。
而在佛蒙特州这里，他们希望能够说服人们把这些指标与国内生产总值等同对待。金钱交易发生的时候，国内生产总值会上涨，特别是在经济危机时期。但这个指标并没有把那些没有金钱标价的事情纳入其中，如在家与家人一起的时间，或者志愿工作。帝国州立学院的教授埃里克·曾斯说，生活质量不应该处于从属地位。
曾斯说不丹并不是唯一一个不再沉迷于国内生产总值的国度。他告诉我们，去年秋天，法国总统委托相关机构进行一个寻找国内生产总值替代指标的研究。还有美国的马里兰州，该州在二月份采用了一个除了衡量经济增长之外，还包括社会安康在内的指标。
经过一天的培训，大部分参与者似乎都把自己看成是国民幸福总值的使者。就像以前嬉皮士运动的参与者一样，他们围成一圈，以一个大拥抱结束了这一天。
Every quarter, we get the latest figures for the 1)gross domestic product, or GDP. It’s a measure that’s been widely used to 2)gauge the economy since World War II. There’s a growing movement by economists to consider other factors—for example, happiness.
Chris Wood came to Vermont 40 years ago as part of the 3)hippie movement. Now, he’s helped gather 200 people, old and young, from across the state and from as far away as South Africa and Bangladesh, to help launch a new movement.
Chris: We’re about to drop off a very scary cliff that’s never been experienced in this planet, and it’s very urgent that things become very different.
This group hopes to make things different by introducing an idea called gross national happiness. The philosophy comes from the tiny Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan, which long ago pledged not to let gross domestic product overshadow its 4)Buddhist ideals.
Karma Tshiteem (Secretary of Happiness, Bhutan): From a government policy-making 5)perspective, we are more focused on creating the right conditions that can lead people to fulfilling and, hopefully, happy lives.
Karma Tshiteem says they’ve come up with nine key indicators.
Tshiteem: Psychological well-being, community vitality, cultural diversity, time use, good governance, health, education, ecology, and living standards.
Here in Vermont, the hope was to convince people that considering those indicators is equally as important as measuring GDP. GDP soars when money changes hands, particularly in a crisis. But it doesn’t factor in anything without a dollar amount attached, like the time we spend at home with family, or volunteering. Professor Eric Zencey of Empire State College said quality of life shouldn’t get back-burnered.
Zencey says Bhutan isn’t the only place 6)disenchanted with GDP. He points to a study 7)commissioned by the French president last fall to find alternatives, and to the state of Maryland, which in February adopted an indicator that factors in social well-being along with economic growth.
After a day of training, most participants seemed to consider themselves ambassadors of gross national happiness. And like the hippie movement before them, they gathered in a circle to close the day with a gigantic hug.
每个季度，我们都会知道国内生产总值的最新数据，那是自二战以来被广泛用来衡量经济发展的指标。如今，越来越多的经济学家正在考虑采用其他标准，比如：幸福。
克里斯·伍德40年前曾作为嬉皮士运动的参与者来到美国的佛蒙特州。如今，他帮忙从全州各地，甚至远至南非和孟加拉把老老少少两百人聚集在这里，准备发起一个新的运动。
克里斯：从人类历史上看，我们很快就要史无前例地摔个粉身碎骨了，我们迫切需要有一些大动作的变革。
这一群人希望通过引入一个叫“国民幸福总值”的概念来改变现状。这个观念源自位于喜马拉雅山的小王国不丹，他们很早以前就下决心不让佛教的理念逊色于国内生产总值。
卡玛·希提姆（不丹国民幸福总值委员会主任）：从政府决策的角度看，我们把更多的精力放在创造合适的环境，让国民过上充实的生活，同时希望他们的日子是开开心心的。
卡玛·希提姆说，他们总结出九个关键指标。
希提姆：心理健康、社区活力、文化多样性、时间的利用、良好的治理、健康、教育、生态与生活水平。
而在佛蒙特州这里，他们希望能够说服人们把这些指标与国内生产总值等同对待。金钱交易发生的时候，国内生产总值会上涨，特别是在经济危机时期。但这个指标并没有把那些没有金钱标价的事情纳入其中，如在家与家人一起的时间，或者志愿工作。帝国州立学院的教授埃里克·曾斯说，生活质量不应该处于从属地位。
曾斯说不丹并不是唯一一个不再沉迷于国内生产总值的国度。他告诉我们，去年秋天，法国总统委托相关机构进行一个寻找国内生产总值替代指标的研究。还有美国的马里兰州，该州在二月份采用了一个除了衡量经济增长之外，还包括社会安康在内的指标。
经过一天的培训，大部分参与者似乎都把自己看成是国民幸福总值的使者。就像以前嬉皮士运动的参与者一样，他们围成一圈，以一个大拥抱结束了这一天。