电离辐射可直接攻击DNA、蛋白质、脂质等生物大分子或通过电离产生大量自由基，间接对细胞造成伤害，易造成人体免疫系统、生殖系统、神经系统伤害。某些辐射防护剂已在临床应用，但存在一定不良反应。因此，高效、低毒的天然辐射防护剂的研究成为近年来的热点。文章针对多糖天然产物对电离辐射防护与修复作用研究进展作一综述。“,”Ionizing radiation can directly attack biological macromolecules including DNA, protein and lipids. Radiation can also damage cells indirectly by the formation of lots of free radicals through the radiolysis of surrounding water molecules. As the result, ion-izing radiation may make serious injury in human immune system, reproductive system and nervous system. Several synthetic radiopro-tectors have been used in clinic. However, most of them have some undesirable side effects. Hence, natural radioprotectors with high efficiency and low toxicity have been the focus of radioprotection field in recent years. In the paper, the recent research progress in the protection and repair effects of polysaccharides on radiation damage was reviewed.