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本研究以田间试验为基础,探索了塑料暗管排水的应用条件、田间布置、施工和出口控制方式,得出塑料暗管管口要始终处在河沟水位之上,才能充分发挥排水效果;田间布置一般以组合排水为好;从排水沟端开挖向灌渠方向延伸,并首创从灌渠旁引出地面冲淤;塑管出口控制以软管溢流、洞口溢流方式为优。经田间试验得出:上海地区土壤蓄水量,雨前连晴天为20.5±7.0mm,雨前连阴雨为10.4±5.0mm。一次大雨过程,地下水埋深从1米左右升至0.3米历时18.1±4.8小时。塑料暗管间距7、10、15米的停流水头分别为0.05、0.10,0.15米。塑料暗管排水不同深密度的排水率q与作用水头h呈正相关,为幂方程式,即q=A·h~B;排水率q与地下水埋深N呈负相关,为指数关系,q=A·e~(B.N)。
Based on the field experiments, this study explored the application conditions, field layout, construction and exit control of plastic tube drainage. It was concluded that the plastic tube nozzle should always be above the water level of the river channel in order to give full play to the drainage effect. The layout is generally combined drainage is better; from the drainage ditch to the direction of the irrigation trench ditch extension, and the first from the irrigation canal leads to the ground scouring and silting; plastic pipe outlet control overflow hose overflow, overflow hole is superior. The field experiment shows that the soil water storage in Shanghai is 20.5 ± 7.0mm in sunny days and 10.4 ± 5.0mm in rainy days. During a heavy rain, the groundwater depth increased from 1 meter to 0.3 meter and lasted 18.1 ± 4.8 hours. Plastic tube spacing 7,10,15 m stop-flow head were 0.05,0.10,0.15 m. The drainage rate of different depths of plastic tube drainage is positively correlated with the action head h, which is the power equation that is q = A · h ~ B. The drainage rate q is inversely related to the groundwater depth N, and is exponential, q = A E ~ (BN).