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秘鲁矿业的蓬勃发展在宏观经济和微观经济层面都引发了矛盾。政府鼓励私人资本投资矿业,此举在农村地区引起了强烈的社会环境冲突。本研究旨在评估矿业对秘鲁农村家庭农牧业生产造成的影响,考察相应的传递渠道,即土地利用和农业劳动力供给。研究显示,平均而言矿区家庭在农业产量和牲畜数量上均不及控制区家庭(分别相差12%和32%);分布在与矿区接壤地区的家庭,其农业产量和牲畜数量同样不及控制区家庭(分别相差6%和20%)。这表明,矿业对农业可能存在的溢出效应表现在更加广泛的区域内。矿业发展影响农业生产的传递渠道在于矿业会影响土地利用,减少农业劳动力。矿区农村家庭年人均用地少于控制区家庭(相差13%),矿区邻近区的家庭年人均用地和农业劳动时间也都少于控制区家庭(分别相差11%和6%)。实证研究结果将为土地所有权、企业社会责任和负外部性补偿框架等议题提供一系列政策建议。
The booming Peruvian mining industry has triggered contradictions both at macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. The government encouraged private investment in mining, a move that caused a strong social-environmental conflict in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of mining on the rural households in Peru and to examine the corresponding transmission channels, namely land use and agricultural labor supply. Research shows that on average, households in the mining area are not as far as the households in the control area (only a difference of 12% and 32% respectively) in the agricultural production and the number of livestock; households distributed in areas bordering the mining area have less agricultural output and livestock than those in the control area (6% and 20% respectively). This shows that the possible spillover effect of mining on agriculture is manifested in a wider area. The development channel of mining development affecting agricultural production lies in that mining will affect land utilization and reduce agricultural labor force. The annual per capita land use of rural households in the mining area is less than that of the households in the control area (a difference of 13%). The average per capita land use and agricultural labor time in the neighboring areas of the mining area are also less than those in the control area (11% and 6% respectively). The results of the empirical study will provide a series of policy recommendations on issues such as land ownership, corporate social responsibility and negative externalities compensation framework.