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我国不是花生起源地,花生种质资源比较贫乏,中国南方花生生态区以前更是缺少高抗和优质花生遗传资源。过去的20年间,广东省农科院作物研究所从国际半干旱作物研究所引进了1500份花生种质资源,并对其特征特性分别进行鉴定研究,高抗和优质资源是鉴定筛选的最主要目标。通过田间种植、人工接种试验和品质分析,共鉴定筛选出了高抗锈病资源226份、高抗青枯病资源49份,其中10份表现双抗(锈病和青枯病),55份种质含油率超过54%、28份种质蛋白质含量超过30%。部分优异的种质资源或其杂交后代已经作为育种亲本在南方花生生态区内花生育种机构中利用,并选育了粤油223、汕油71、汕油523、粤油200、梧油4号、泉花10号、粤油79等一批优良品种。
China is not the origin of peanuts, peanut germplasm resources are relatively scarce, peanut eco-region in southern China is the lack of high resistance and high quality peanut genetic resources. Over the past 20 years, the Institute of Crop Sciences of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences has introduced 1,500 peanut germplasm resources from the International Research Institute of Semi-arid Crops and identified the characteristics of the peanut germplasm resources respectively. High resistance and high quality resources are the most important aims. 226 cultivars with high resistance to rust and 49 cultivars with high resistance to bacterial wilt were screened through field planting, artificial inoculation test and quality analysis. Among them, 10 exhibited double resistance (rust and bacterial wilt), 55 germplasm oil content More than 54%, 28 germplasm protein content of more than 30%. Some excellent germplasm resources or their hybrid progeny have been used as breeding parents in the peanut breeding institutions in the southern peanut eco-zone, and breeding of Yueyou 223, Shanyou 71, Shanyou 523, Yueyou 200, Wuyou 4 , Quan Hua 10, Guangdong Oil 79 and a number of fine varieties.