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研究迟熟蕉柑花芽分化规律,实现花芽分化的调控,对提高果实产量和品质具有重要的意义。采用石蜡切片法,连续两年(2006～2007)解剖观察迟熟蕉柑花芽分化过程,比较分析前后两年迟熟蕉柑花芽的形态分化进程及各分化期形态上的特点。结果表明,迟熟蕉柑花芽大部分在11月已进行花原基分化,主要集中在11月中下旬和12月上旬;11月下旬开始出现萼片原基,盛期在翌年2～3月;2月下旬出现花瓣分化。不同年份花芽分化时间存在一定的差异。迟熟蕉柑花芽分化迟,分化初期和萼片形成期历时均较长,花芽分化较分散,每个时期均有重叠交叉现象。认为要保证花器官的顺利分化,提高秋冬季迟熟蕉柑树体营养水平是关键。
Research on the law of flower bud differentiation of late-maturity banana and the regulation of flower bud differentiation are of great significance to improve the yield and quality of fruit. Using paraffin section method, the flower bud differentiation process of late-maturity banana was observed anatomically for two consecutive years (2006 ~ 2007). The morphological differentiation of late-matured banana flower bud and the morphological characteristics of each period were compared. The results showed that most of flower buds of late-maturing banana citrus had flower primordia differentiation in November, mainly in the middle and late November and early December; sepals primordia began to appear in late November, with peak periods from February to March of the following year; Petal differentiation occurs in late February. There are some differences in flower bud differentiation time in different years. Late maturing banana citrus flower bud differentiation late, early differentiation and sepal formation duration are longer, flower bud differentiation is more dispersed, each period of overlapping crossover phenomenon. In order to ensure the smooth differentiation of floral organs, it is the key to improve the nutrition level of late-maturing banana plants in autumn and winter.