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水文测验通常是指测量水文要素所进行的全部技术过程。其主要测量项目包括降水量、水位、流量、含沙量等。水文资料整编就是将水文测站(队)搜集的原始资料,按照科学的方法和统一的格式进行整理、分析、推算、统计,提炼成为系统的和通用的整编成果,以便供有关部门使用。整编成果的质量,不但取决于整编的方法是否正确合理,更主要的取决于水文测验资料的正确与可靠。测验是整编的基础,整编是对测验成果的检验和总结。二者互相联系,互相促进。本文结合实际工作,对水文测验与整编中常见问题的处理方法进行阐述,以期能为做好水文工作提供帮助。
Hydrological tests generally refer to the entire technical process of measuring hydrological elements. The main measurement items include precipitation, water level, flow rate, sediment concentration and so on. The reorganization of hydrological data refers to the collection of raw data collected by hydrological stations (teams), which are collated, analyzed, calculated, counted and refined according to scientific methods and unified formats into systematic and universal reorganization results for use by relevant departments. The quality of the reorganization result depends not only on whether the method of reorganization is correct or not, but mainly on the accuracy and reliability of hydrological test data. Test is the basis of reorganization, reorganization is the test results of the test and summary. The two are interrelated and promote each other. Based on the actual work, this paper elaborates the common problems in hydrological testing and reorganization, in order to provide help for hydrological work.