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目的了解食盐加碘新标准实施前后天津市高校大学生碘营养水平的变化情况。方法于2011和2013年在天津市两所高校采用随机抽样调查方式,采集在校用餐的122名学生晨尿样本,每校采集3份饮用水供水点水样品和3份食堂盐样品。采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘及水碘,直接滴定法测定盐碘。同时向调查对象现场发放碘营养状况调查问卷。结果两年度大学生样本的性别、饮水种类、饮酒、海产品食用情况、肉蛋类食用情况、高钙食品食用情况、吸烟及碘营养知识比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2013年总体尿碘中位数为203.89μg/L,较2011年(M=289.14μg/L)降低(P<0.05)。两年度所采集12份水样碘含量均在7.60~11.56μg/L之间,2013年平均为9.90μg/L,2011年平均为8.36μg/L。2013年6份盐样中1份为非碘盐;2011年均为合格碘盐。结论本次调查的高校大学生2013年碘营养水平较2011年降低,但仍处于充足和可接受水平。应加强特殊人群碘盐供应的监督管理。
Objective To understand the changes of iodine nutrition in university students in Tianjin City before and after the implementation of the new standard of salt iodization. Methods In 2011 and 2013, a random sample survey was conducted in two universities in Tianjin to collect morning urine samples of 122 students in school. Three water samples of drinking water and three canteen salt samples were collected from each school. Ammonium persulfate digestion arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric determination of urinary iodine and iodine, direct titration salt iodine. At the same time to the survey site distribution of iodine nutrition status questionnaire. Results There was no significant difference in the gender, drinking water category, alcohol consumption, consumption of seafood, consumption of meat and eggs, consumption of high calcium foods, knowledge of smoking and iodine nutrition among college students in the two years (P> 0.05). The overall urinary iodine median in 2013 was 203.89 μg / L, which was lower than that of 2011 (M = 289.14 μg / L) (P <0.05). In the two years, the iodine contents of 12 samples collected were between 7.60 and 11.56 μg / L, with an average of 9.90 μg / L in 2013 and an average of 8.36 μg / L in 2011. One of six salt samples in 2013 was non-iodized salt; both were qualified iodized salt in 2011. Conclusion The level of iodine nutrition in college students in 2013 in this survey is lower than that of 2011, but it is still at a sufficient and acceptable level. The supervision and management of iodized salt supply for special populations should be strengthened.