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过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ(PPARγ)是一种核转录因子,属由配体激活的Ⅱ型核受体超家族的成员。PPARγ除参与脂质代谢、胰岛素抵抗、脂肪细胞分化、动脉粥样硬化和肿瘤生成外,还参与炎症反应及免疫调节。PPARγ激动剂能通过PPARγ依赖或非依赖机制抑制活化的小胶质细胞、保护神经元、促进活化的小胶质细胞凋亡从而控制中枢神经系统(CNS)炎症变性疾病如阿茨海默病(AD)、帕金森病(PD)和多发性硬化(MS)。提示PPARγ激动剂有可能成为一类很有治疗CNS炎症性及退行性变性疾病前景的药物。
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a nuclear transcription factor and belongs to a member of the ligand-activated type II nuclear receptor superfamily. In addition to being involved in lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, adipocyte differentiation, atherosclerosis and tumorigenesis, PPARγ is also involved in the inflammatory response and immune regulation. PPARγ agonists inhibit the activated microglial cells through PPARγ-dependent or non-dependent mechanisms, protect neurons and promote the activation of activated microglia and thus control CNS inflammatory degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Suggesting that PPARγ agonists may be a promising drug for the treatment of inflammatory and degenerative CNS diseases.