论文部分内容阅读
目的分析2011-2015年乐山市手足口病流行特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对乐山市2011-2015年手足口病资料进行分析。结果 5年累计报告手足口病11 416例,其中重症115例,死亡2例,年均报告发病率69.22/10万。全年各月均有病例报告,5~7月和10~12月为高峰期,呈双峰流行。5岁以下儿童发病为主,男女发病比例为1.5∶1,男性多发于女性;以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主。病原学检测提示2011-2015年检出各型病毒构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=326.21,P<0.01),2013年以EV71型为主,重症病例增多较其他年份有统计学意义(χ~2=144.06,P<0.01)。结论乐山市手足口病以5岁以下儿童为高发人群,集中在1~3岁,高峰期在春夏和秋冬交替的季节,多种肠道病毒存在交替或共同流行现象,以EV71为主导的年份重症病例显著增加。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Leshan City from 2011 to 2015 and provide basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFMD in Leshan from 2011 to 2015. Results A total of 11 416 HFMD cases were reported in 5 years, of which 115 were severe and 2 were fatal, with an average annual incidence of 69.22 / 100 000. There are case reports throughout the year, from May to July and from October to December as the peak, showing a double peak epidemic. The incidence of children under the age of 5 mainly male and female incidence ratio of 1.5: 1, men are more common in women; mainly to diaspora and kindergarten children. The etiological tests suggested that there was a significant difference in the constituent ratios of each type of virus between 2011 and 2015 (χ ~ 2 = 326.21, P <0.01). In 2013, EV71 was the major component, and the increase of severe cases was statistically significant compared with other years (χ ~ 2 = 144.06, P <0.01). Conclusion HFMD is a high incidence population of HFMD among children under 5 years of age, and is concentrated in the age of 1 to 3 years. In the season where the spring and summer and autumn and winter alternate, the prevalence of various enteroviruses is alternating or co-prevalence. EV71-dominated Years of severe cases increased significantly.