从全国28个户外社团筛选出具有代表性的13个社团,通过文献法、访谈法、比较研究法、个案研究法,重点分析社团管理理念、机制、手段的组合和综合应用,总结出利益相关者不同参与程度下社团管理模式及其特点,以及讨论如何建立互动机制和交流平台以实现“善治”的创新管理。社团的不同发展阶段,对应的利益相关方参与管理的程度不同,主要有内向型大众化管理、外向型精英式管理、互动型规范化管理三种管理模式。社团在走向“善治”的过程需要多方互动的自我更新并逐步建立互动机制和交流0平台。 From the 28 outdoor communities across the country, 13 representative societies were screened out. Through the methods of literature, interview, comparative research and case studies, the author focused on the analysis of the combination and comprehensive application of community management concepts, mechanisms and methods, Different levels of participation of the community management model and its characteristics, as well as discuss how to establish an interactive mechanism and exchange platform in order to achieve “good governance ” innovation management. The different stages of development of associations and the corresponding degree of stakeholder participation and management are different. There are three types of management modes: inward-oriented popularization management, outward-oriented elite management and interactive standardization management. In the process of moving toward a “good governance”, the community needs a multi-faceted self-renewal and the gradual establishment of an interactive mechanism and exchange platform.