现代社会的人类学研究有两种形式:一种是在当前情况研究中,运用人类学的方法;另一种则是运用人类学的认识,来理解一般的行为科学。虽然这两者之间不可避免地有着内在的联系,但是把它们区别开来讨论是有用的。历史背景人类学研究曾一直着重原始社会和无文字社会的研究。在本世纪三十年代,学者开始对现代欧洲和美国社区进行民族学调查时,人类学研究被视为一种根本性的开端。 There are two forms of anthropological research in modern society: one is to use anthropological methods in current situation studies; the other is to use anthropological understanding to understand general behavioral sciences. Although there is an inevitable connection between the two, it is useful to distinguish between them. Historical background Anthropological research has always focused on the study of primitive society and non-literary society. In the thirties of this century, when scholars began to conduct ethnographic investigations into modern European and American communities, anthropological research was seen as a fundamental beginning.