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通过大田试验,研究了施氮及带型对绿洲灌区单作和间作玉米、豌豆产量、光能利用率及光合源大小的影响,旨在为该区玉米间作豌豆的增产增效提供理论依据。结果表明:试验设计的各间作处理的土地当量比(LER)都大于1,说明玉米间作豌豆可提高土地利用效率;与2:4模式(2行玉米、4行豌豆)相比,3:4模式(3行玉米、4行豌豆)的LER增大了28.26%,说明3:4模式具有较好的提高土地利用率的作用。单作玉米、单作豌豆、2:4间作、3:4间作的三个氮水平下的平均光能利用率分别为0.60%、0.15%、0.53%和0.60%,氮肥减量15%的3:4间作的光能利用率最高,达到了0.75%。3:4模式的平均叶面积指数(LAI)比2:4模式高22.83%-28.27%,叶日积(LAD)高25.49%-27.83%。在本试验设计的参数范围内,随LAD的增大,作物的光能利用率持续增大,因此进一步提高LAD是提高光能利用率、增加产量的有效途径。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen and zonal patterns on single and intercropping maize, pea yield, light energy utilization rate and photosynthetic source size in oasis irrigated areas. The purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for increasing yield and efficiency of inter-maize intercropping peas. The results showed that the land equivalent ratio (LER) of all the treatments in the experimental design was greater than 1, which indicated that inter-crop pea improved the land use efficiency. Compared with the 2: 4 model (2 rows of corn and 4 rows of peas) The LER of model (3 rows of corn, 4 rows of peas) increased by 28.26%, indicating that the 3: 4 model has a good effect of improving land use efficiency. The average light energy utilization rates of single crop of corn, pea, 2: 4 intercropping and 3: 4 intercropping were 0.60%, 0.15%, 0.53% and 0.60% : 4 for the highest light utilization, reaching 0.75%. The average leaf area index (LAI) of 3: 4 model was 22.83% -28.27% higher than that of 2: 4 model, and that of LAD was 25.49% -27.83%. Within the parameters designed in this experiment, with the increase of LAD, the utilization rate of light energy of crops continued to increase, so to further improve LAD is an effective way to increase the utilization rate of light energy and increase the yield.