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目的分析六安市发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学特征,为及时采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法,分析《中国疾病预防控制系统》中2011年1月1日—2015年12月31日报告的现住址为六安市的发热伴血小板综合病例的三间分布、聚集性疫情、死亡病例、暴露史和就诊情况特征。结果 5年间累计报告病例186例,死亡9例,病死率为4.8%,发病率呈现逐年上升趋势。发病主要集中在50~70岁年龄组,5—9月为高发季节。<50岁人群报告发病率(0.80/10万)低于≥50岁人群(10.18/10万),两组人群发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。金寨县和霍山县是高发地区,发病率分别为3.3/10万和2.2/10万。聚集性疫情流行病学调查敏感性低,病例多次就诊现象普遍。死亡病例中,男性6例,女性3例,年龄中位数为67岁(范围48~77岁)。57例个案中,明确有蜱虫叮咬的占12.3%(7/57),首次在村卫生室就诊的占40.4%(23/57)。结论六安市发热伴血小板减少综合征逐年增加,可能自然疫源地已形成,50岁以上农民为重点人群。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Lu’an and to provide a scientific basis for prompt intervention. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the distribution of the fever-with-platelet-integrated cases in Lu’an from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015 in China’s Disease Prevention and Control System , Cluster outbreaks, deaths, exposure history and characteristics of attendance. Results A total of 186 cases were reported in 5 years and 9 died. The case fatality rate was 4.8%. The incidence rate showed an upward trend year by year. The incidence mainly concentrated in the 50 to 70 age group, 5-9 months for the high season. <50 years old The reported incidence (0.80 / 100000) is lower than the crowd of ≥50 years old (10.18 / 100000), the incidence of the two groups was significantly different (P <0.001). Jinzhai County and Huoshan County are high incidence areas, the incidence rates were 3.3 / 100,000 and 2.2 / 100,000 respectively. Epidemiological investigation of epidemiological epidemiological low sensitivity, the case of multiple visits are common. Among the deaths, 6 were males and 3 were females, with a median age of 67 years (range, 48-77 years). Of the 57 cases, 12.3% (7/57) were clearly infected with ticks and 40.4% (23/57) were hospitalized for the first time in the village clinics. Conclusions The incidence of fever and thrombocytopenia in Lu’an increased year by year, which may be caused by natural foci. The peasants over 50 years old are the key population.