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目的:建立鼠巨细胞病毒(MCMV)感染心肌炎动物模型。方法:用巨细胞病毒经腹腔注射感染BALB/c小鼠。结果:MCMV感染小鼠心肌炎发病率为69.4%,死亡高峰在感染后7～14d,死亡率为11.11%;44.5%的感染鼠出现心外膜炎。MCMV感染的第7天,心肌细胞出现肿胀、变性,血管周围有大量炎症细胞灶性浸润;第14天,可见单个心肌细胞核固缩、溶解,心肌细胞小灶性坏死、崩解,周围见单核细胞、淋巴细胞浸润;病变于感染后7～14d达高峰,第14天后开始减轻。MCMV感染小鼠全部心肌病变积分均≤2分,属轻度心肌炎改变;心电图的改变率达50%。结论:该心肌炎动物模型为探讨病毒性心肌炎的发病机制、转归及抗病毒药物的筛选提供了有力的工具。
Objective: To establish an animal model of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in myocarditis. Methods: BALB / c mice were infected with cytomegalovirus by intraperitoneal injection. Results: The incidence of myocarditis in mice infected with MCMV was 69.4%. The peak of death was 7 ~ 14 days after infection. The mortality rate was 11.11%. In 44.5% of infected mice, epicarditis was found. At 7 days after MCMV infection, there was swelling and degeneration of cardiomyocytes, and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration around the blood vessels. On the 14th day, single cardiac myocytes were pyknotic and lysed, and myocardial cells were necrotic and disintegrated. Cells and lymphocytes infiltration. The lesions peaked at 7-14 days after infection and began to decrease after 14 days. Mice with MCMV infection all had ≤2 points of myocardial lesions, which were mild myocarditis. The rate of ECG changes was 50%. Conclusion: The animal model of myocarditis provides a powerful tool for exploring the pathogenesis, prognosis and screening of antiviral drugs for viral myocarditis.