目的:调查医疗分队高原驻训3个月返回平原后高原脱适应症发生情况。方法:随机抽取赴西藏某地(海拔4400m)驻训某野战方舱医院医疗人员100例,分别在离开高原后1周、1个月和2个月时填写高原脱适应症状调查量表,调查各种脱适应症状发生情况;以医疗分队男性医疗人员86例为观察组,同时选取该医院未赴藏驻训的同龄男性工作人员86例为对照组,比较两组不同时间节点血常规及心肌酶谱水平。结果:医疗分队队员在返回平原1周、1个月、2个月时,高原脱适应症发生率分别为73.0%、35.0%及14.0%,高原脱适应症状评分分别为(14.59±3.85)分、(6.32±1.93)分和(3.47±1.31)分。返回平原1个月时高原脱适应症发生率、症状评分较1周时显著降低,2个月时高原脱适应症发生率、症状评分较1周及1个月时显著或非常显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。居前10位的高原脱适应症状依次是疲倦、嗜睡、记忆力减退、心悸、食欲增加、头晕、腹胀、注意力难以集中、脱发、胸部不适。脱离高原环境1周时,观察组WBC、RBC、Hb、Hct及CK、CK-MB、LDH水平均较对照组显著增高(P<0.05);1个月时,观察组RBC、Hb、Hct及CK-MB、LDH指标仍显著高于对照组,PLT显著低于对照组(P<0.05);返回平原第2个月时,观察组WBC、RBC、Hb、Hct及CK、CK-MB、LDH水平较1周时均显著降低(P<0.05),与对照组同时间节点差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:医疗分队高原短期暴露返回平原后脱适应症发生率较高,程度较轻,2个月基本恢复正常。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of desensitization after altitude training stationed on the plateau of the medical detachment for 3 months before returning to the plain. Methods: A total of 100 medical staff stationed in a field hospital in Tibet at a altitude of 4400m were randomly selected. After completing the first week, the second month and the second month after leaving the plateau, 86 cases of male medical staff in medical unit were taken as observation group, 86 male hospital staff of same age who did not go to Tibet stationed in hospital were selected as the control group, and the blood and myocardium of the two groups were compared at different time points Zymogram level. Results: At 1 week, 1 month and 2 months after returning to the plain, the incidences of detackification at high altitude were 73.0%, 35.0% and 14.0%, respectively, and the symptoms of high altitude de-adaptation were (14.59 ± 3.85) points , (6.32 ± 1.93) points and (3.47 ± 1.31) points respectively. At 1 month after returning to plain, the incidence of apodization was significantly lower than that at week 1, and the incidence of exacerbations at 2 months was significantly lower than that at week 1 and 1 (P <0.05, P <0.01). The top 10 symptoms of altitude sickness followed by fatigue, drowsiness, memory loss, heart palpitations, increased appetite, dizziness, bloating, difficulty concentrating, hair loss, chest discomfort. The levels of WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, CK, CK-MB and LDH in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 1 week (P <0.05) The levels of CK-MB and LDH in the observation group were still significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). At the second month after returning to the plain, WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct and CK, CK- (P <0.05) compared with that of the control group at the same time point (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: After the short-term exposure of the medical detachment plateau to the plains returned to the plain, the incidence of desensitization was relatively high and mild, returning to normal after 2 months.