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1919年7月,胡适在《每周评论》31号上发表了《多研究些问题,少谈些主义》一文,挑起著名的“问题与主义”之争。长期以来,这场争论被史学界视为胡适向马克思主义发动的“猖狂进攻”,其实质是以李大钊为代表的马克思主义和胡适为代表的资产阶级改良主义两大敌对思想体系间的斗争。而近年来,有的学者却又否认它是一场“政治论战”,认为只是一场“平等的学术讨论”。然而,究竟哪一种说法更符合历史的本来面目呢?我们应该从历史的事实中去寻求答案。
In July 1919, Hu Shi published the article entitled “Study more on Some Problems and Less About Doctrines” on the 31st Weekly Review, provoking the famous “Issue-and-doctrine” controversy. For a long time, this debate was viewed by historians as a “frenzied attack” by Marxism on the part of Hu Shih. Its essence was the struggle between the two hostile ideological systems of bourgeois reformism represented by Li Dazhao, Marxism and Hu Shih. In recent years, however, some scholars have denied that it is a “political controversy” and considered it an “equal academic discussion.” However, which one is more in line with the true nature of history? We should seek answers from historical facts.