本文介绍了无线传感器网络的覆盖控制问题,针对理想状态下的模型不能满足实际城轨应用的需求,提出了无线传感器网络信道衰落在不确定情况下的室外信道模型。根据无线信道衰落模型的理论分析,得到信道衰落模型的各个参数,确定无线传感器网络室外信道模型。证明该衰落模型在实际网络的节点部署和节点定位中的作用优于其他无线信道衰落模型,在保证通信的情况下提高了节点覆盖率。 In this paper, the coverage control problem of wireless sensor networks is introduced. In view of the fact that the ideal model can not meet the needs of practical urban rail applications, an outdoor channel model is proposed in which the channel fading of wireless sensor networks is uncertain. According to the theoretical analysis of the wireless channel fading model, various parameters of the channel fading model are obtained, and the outdoor channel model of the wireless sensor network is determined. It is proved that the fading model is better than other wireless channel fading models in node deployment and node localization of the actual network, and node coverage is improved with guaranteed communication.