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目的分析大同市手足口病主要病原分布流行特征,为手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用实时RT-PCR法检测病毒核酸,并对感染手足口病病毒按CVA16、EV71和其他肠道病毒进行分型。结果 2010-2014年共采集手足口病病例咽拭子标本1 479份,阳性结果868份,阳性率为58.69%。统计分析5年阳性结果,检出的阳性率每年各不相同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=67.06,P<0.05);男女阳性率无统计学意义差异(χ2=3.74,P>0.05);流行优势毒株以CVA16(46.31%)为主,其次为EV71(33.76%);流行优势毒株每年都不相同,并且排序不断在交替变化。结论大同市应继续加强手足口病病原学检测,不断提升监测能力,及时掌握其流行变化规律,为手足口病疫情的分析研判和干预决策提供准确的数据支撑。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of major pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Datong and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The real-time RT-PCR method was used to detect the virus nucleic acid, and the virus of hand-foot-and-mouth disease was classified according to CVA16, EV71 and other enteroviruses. Results A total of 1 479 throat swabs were collected during 2010-2014, with 868 positive results, the positive rate was 58.69%. There was no significant difference between male and female (χ2 = 3.74, P> 0.05). The positive rate of positive result was statistically different from that of positive result of 5 years (χ2 = 67.06, P <0.05) Prevalences of predominant strains were CVA16 (46.31%), followed by EV71 (33.76%). Prevalence strains were not the same every year, and their rankings were constantly changing. Conclusion Datong should continue to strengthen the hand foot and mouth disease etiology detection, and constantly improve the monitoring capabilities, and timely grasp of the epidemic of law, for the hand-foot-mouth disease analysis and judgment and intervention decision-making to provide accurate data support.