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目的 研究麒麟丸对糖尿病大鼠睾丸保护作用及可能机制.方法 6周龄清洁级雄性wistar大鼠,体质量180~220g,共60只,随机分A组(正常组)10只、B组(正常+麒麟丸)10只和模型组40只.模型组高脂高糖饮食1月后,应用链脲佐菌素制作糖尿病模型.成模25只随机分成C组(糖尿病组)12只,D组(糖尿病+麒麟丸)13只.B组和D组大鼠每天按0.36g/kg麒麟丸灌胃.动物中心饲养6周后测量大鼠体质量和血糖并取材,双侧睾丸称量后取右侧睾丸组织固定后制作免疫组化薄片观察终末糖基化产物(AGEs)及终末糖基化产物受体(RAGEs)表达,左侧睾丸提取蛋白后电泳观察RAGEs蛋白表达量,左侧附睾放在精子孵育液中剪碎后孵育计数左侧附睾中精子数.结果 糖尿病组大鼠较正常组大鼠睾丸质量减轻,附睾精子数减少,AGEs累积增加,RAGEs表达量增高;(糖尿病+麒麟丸)组大鼠较糖尿病组大鼠睾丸质量增加,附睾精子数增加,AGEs累积减少,RAGEs表达降低;正常组大鼠和(正常+麒麟丸)组大鼠比较睾丸质量、附睾精子数、AGEs及RAGEs均无明显变化.结论 麒麟丸可能干预糖尿大鼠睾丸组织中AGEs累积降低RAGEs的表达,干预AGEs通过RAGEs介导的信号通路作用,对糖尿病大鼠睾丸起保护作用.“,”Objective To investigate the protective effects of Qilin Pill on testis in diabetic rats and its related molecular mechanism. Methods Total of 60 6-weeks-old clean male Wistar rats with weighing 180~220g were randomly divided into group A (10 rats), group B (10 rats) and the model group (40 rats). The rats in the model group were fed with high-fat and high carbohydrate diets for one month. Streptozotocin was used to make diabetes mellitus rats model. Twenty-five rat models with diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into group C (12 rats) and group D (13 rats). Rats in group B and group D were gavaged with 0.36g/Kg Qilin pills every day, and they were fed in the animal center for 6 weeks, then the body weight and blood sugar of rats were measured, and their bilateral testes were collected. Right testis tissue was fixed and made into the slices for analysis of the expression of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs). Total protein of left testis was extracted to detect the amount of RAGEs protein by electrophoresis. The number of spermatozoa in the left epididymis was counted. Results Compared with those of normal group, the weight of testis and the number of epididymal sperm in the diabetic group were all decreased, but the accumulation of AGEs and the expression of RAGEs were increased. Compared with those of diabetic rats group, the weight of testis and the number of epididymal sperm in the diabetic rats group treated with medicine were all increased, but the accumulation of AGEs and the expression of RAGEs were all decreased. Compared with those of, No significant changes in the testis weight, epididymal sperm count, AGEs and RAGEs were found between normal rats group treated with medicine and normal rats group. Conclusion Qilin pill could interfere with the accumulation of AGEs and decrease the expression of RAGEs in the testis of diabetic rats, and protect the testis of diabetic rats.