论文部分内容阅读
美国白蛾在横滨的群体,其卵、幼虫和蛹的发育在25℃下分别经历8、38、13天。在10℃以上完成一个非滞育世代需要800—900个日度。然而,在长光照下,有些蛹在25℃时大约有一周时间的停止发育状态,从而出现了成虫两个羽化高峰。冬季真正的滞育持续很长的时期,是由幼虫期的短光照所引起的。在25℃下,诱发冬季滞育的临界光照在14小时30分和14小时45分之间。在较高的温度下的临界光照可能更短些。在日本不同地区的光温曲线上标明这些数字,为的是要预测这种害虫的季节周期以及地区的适应性。在东京——横滨地区,预测的生活周期与田间的观察完全符合。据推测,这种害虫定居在北海道或九州南部还需要某些遗传上的变化。目前,从分布区北部边界(秋田县的 Omagari)采得的地区性的标本在对光照的反应上并未显有任何分歧的迹象。
The development of eggs, larvae and pupae of the American white moth in Yokohama lasted for 8, 38 and 13 days respectively at 25 ° C. It takes 800-900 days to complete a non-diapause generation above 10 ° C. However, in long light, some pupae stopped developing at about a week at 25 ° C, resulting in two emergence peaks of adults. The real diapause in winter lasts for a long time and is caused by the short light of larval stage. The critical light-induced winter diapause at 25 ° C was between 14 hours 30 minutes and 14 hours 45 minutes. Critical lighting at higher temperatures may be shorter. These numbers are indicated on the light-temperature curves in different parts of Japan in order to predict the seasonality of the pests and the regional adaptability. In Tokyo-Yokohama, the life cycle predicted is in full compliance with field observations. Presumably, some of the genetic changes are required for the pests to settle in Hokkaido or southern Kyushu. Currently, the regional specimens taken from the northern border of the distribution area (Omagari, Akita Prefecture) show no sign of disagreement over the response to light.