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光弹性试验可以得到两种有用的参数条纹:等倾线和等差线。等差线包含主应力差的信息,利用等倾线可以得知模型上各点的主应力方向。然而工程上更需要这样一种曲线,其上每一点的切线与法线方向为该点两个主应力的方向,主应力迹线正是这样一种很直观、实用的曲线。主应力迹线只与主应力方向有关,而与主应力大小无关。利用等倾线可以通过作图法将主应力迹线描绘出来。传统都是用手动绘制主应力迹线,本文提出了新的图像处理方法,结合等倾线相移技术实现了主应力方向的全场确定,从而实现了主应力迹线的全自动绘制。实验证明用相移法全自动绘制主应力迹线在工程上非常有用。
Photoelastic tests can be used to obtain two useful parameters of stripes: equidistant lines and contour lines. The contour line contains the information of the principal stress difference, and the principal stress direction of each point on the model can be obtained by using isoclines. However, there is a need for such a curve in engineering, where the tangential and normal directions at each point are the directions of the two principal stresses at this point. The principal stress trace is such a very intuitive and practical curve. The principal stress trace is only related to the direction of principal stress, but not to the principal stress. The use of isocline can be drawn by mapping the main stress trace. Traditionally, the main stress trace has been drawn manually. In this paper, a new image processing method is proposed. By means of isodent line phase shift technique, the full determination of the main stress direction is achieved, so that the main stress trace can be fully drawn automatically. Experiments show that the use of phase shift method automatically drawing the main stress trace is very useful in engineering.