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目的研究老年人肠道菌群的特征,探索肠道菌群与机体的生理生化、免疫机能的相关性。方法对成都地区170名中老年人进行生理、生化及免疫指标的检测的同时、采用荧光原位杂交方法(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)对其粪便中的细菌总数、乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus sp.)、拟杆菌(Bacteroides sp.)、梭菌属(Clostridium sp.)进行定量分析检测。结果 55~65岁乳酸杆菌浓度显著高于55岁及以下组(P<0.05),拟杆菌和梭菌属浓度出现与乳酸杆菌相似的年龄趋势(P<0.05);关联性分析显示年龄与总菌数(r=0.054,P>0.05)、乳酸杆菌数量(r=0.150,P>0.05)、拟杆菌数量(r=0.190,P<0.05)、梭菌属数目(r=0.180,P<0.05)均呈正相关关系;乳酸杆菌与空腹血糖的相关系数为0.241(P<0.01);拟杆菌/梭菌比例与HDL-C显著正相关(r=0.200,P<0.05);总菌数与Ig G正相关(r=0.177,P<0.05)。结论肠道乳酸杆菌、拟杆菌、梭菌数量显著地增多可能是人体肠内细菌老化的重要的特征之一;肠道乳酸杆菌数也许可作为早期发现糖尿病高危人群的新指标;以提高肠道乳酸杆菌为目的中老年人群的益生菌的开发方向需要进一步研究。
Objective To study the characteristics of intestinal microflora in the elderly and to explore the correlation between intestinal microflora and the physiological, biochemical and immunological functions of the body. Methods The total number of bacteria, Lactobacillus sp. (Lactobacillus sp.) In the stool samples were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 170 middle-aged and elderly adults in Chengdu. Bacteroides sp. And Clostridium sp. Results The concentration of Lactobacillus between 55 and 65 years old was significantly higher than that of 55 years old and below (P <0.05). Bacteroides and Clostridium showed the similar age trend with Lactobacillus (P <0.05). The correlation analysis showed that age and total The number of bacteria (r = 0.054, P> 0.05), number of lactobacilli (r = 0.150, P> 0.05) (P <0.01). The ratio of Bacteroides to Clostridium was positively correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.200, P <0.05). The total number of bacteria and Ig G (r = 0.177, P <0.05). Conclusion The significant increase of intestinal bacteria Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Clostridium may be one of the important features of human intestinal bacterial aging. The number of Lactobacillus may be used as a new indicator of the early detection of diabetes at high risk; in order to improve the intestinal Lactobacillus for the purpose of probiotics in the elderly population development needs further study.