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以豫西地区的下沉式生土窑居为研究对象,采用现场实测及理论分析方法对其冬季热性能进行定量研究。研究结果表明,下沉式设计可营造良好的庭院微气候,院心空气温度较之地上提升0.5~3.6℃,自然运行窑室内中心点空气温度在4.5~12℃之间波动;同时,窑室内空气及内壁面温度随进深及高度增加呈升高趋势。最后,选取地上砖混建筑以及火炕窑与自然运行窑室进行热环境对比,并提出温度变异系数衡量房间空气温度波动幅度。结果表明:燃烧火炕可提升室内温度3℃左右,砖混建筑室内温度最低且波动幅度最大。
In this paper, the subsidence soil kiln in the west of Henan Province was taken as the research object, and the field thermal field performance was quantitatively studied by field measurement and theoretical analysis. The results show that the sunken design can create a good courtyard microclimate, the air temperature in courtyard heart rises by 0.5-3.6 ℃ than that on the ground, and the air temperature in the central point of natural operation room fluctuates between 4.5 ~ 12 ℃. At the same time, The temperature of air and inner wall increased with depth and height. Finally, the comparison of the thermal environment between the brick-concrete buildings on the ground and the kang kiln and the natural operation kiln room is made and the temperature variation coefficient is proposed to measure the fluctuation range of the room air temperature. The results show that the combustion of kang can increase the indoor temperature by about 3 ℃, and the temperature in the masonry building has the lowest and the highest fluctuation.