In order to explore the changes and the roles of TXA2 and PGI2 during postoperative hypertensive crisis in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, 31 cases subject to crani- otomy were divided into three groups: group A, 9 patients with postoperative hypertensive crisis; group B, 13 patients without postoperative hypertensive crisis; and group C, 9 patients without his- tory of hypertension and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. TXA2＞, TXB2＞, 6-keto-PGF1α and PGI2＞ were measured after operation in the three groups respectively. The postoperative blood pres- sure in group A, including SBP and DBP, was elevated more obviously than that in the other two groups. TXA2＞ and PGI2＞ in group A were significantly higher than those in other two groups (P＜0.01). Moreover, the ratio of TXB2＞ to 6-keto-PGF1α in group A was significantly higher than that in other two groups (P＜0.05). The increase of TXA2＞ and the relative inadequacy of prostacyclin, especially 6-keto-PGF1α, may play roles in the postoperative hypertensive crisis. And the increased value of TXB2＞ to 6-keto-PGF1α could provide the basis for diagnosis of postoperative hypertensive crisis.