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为了细化考虑公交线路之间的合作与竞争的不同关系对公交网络发车时间,即行车时刻表的影响,针对整个公交网络的运营优化问题,将公交网络中关联线路划分为合作与竞争两类。在各自构建的子网络背景下,分别建立对应的线网发车时间优化模型。发车时间优化模型包括线路始发车时间模型和线路发车间隔模型,其中在合作子网络中为了乘客换乘方便,以线路车辆非同步到站的总时间差最小为合作子网络的始发车时间模型的目标,在竞争子网络中避免恶性竞争和分摊客流,以线路车辆非同步到站时间差最大为竞争子网络的始发车时间模型的目标,发车间隔模型考虑的是运营成本和客流需求。针对所提出的模型,设计了对应的启发式算法,并给出公交网络算例来验证所给模型和求解算法的有效性。
In order to elaborate the influence of the different relations of the cooperation and competition between bus lines on departure time of bus network, that is, the schedule of transportation, in view of the operation optimization of the whole bus network, the related routes in bus network are divided into two categories: cooperation and competition . Under the background of the sub-networks constructed by them, corresponding optimization models of departure time of the net are established respectively. The departure time optimization model includes the line departure time model and the line departure interval model. In the cooperative sub-network, for the convenience of passengers’ transfer, the minimum total time difference of non-synchronization arrival of line vehicles is the departure time model of the cooperation sub-network The objective of this method is to avoid vicious competition and to distribute passenger flow in competitive sub-networks. The objective of this model is to maximize the time difference between unsynchronized arrivals of line vehicles and the starting time of competing sub-networks. The departure interval model considers the operating costs and passenger demand. According to the proposed model, the corresponding heuristic algorithm is designed, and a bus network example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.