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摘要
对于以种子形态为物种主要识别依据的口岸部门,外来入侵杂草长芒苋、西部苋和糙果苋一直是鉴定的难点。本文对34种苋属植物的ITS序列和26S rDNA进行分析,通过SNP变异位点及特异性引物,借助PCRRFLP方法,对长芒苋、西部苋与糙果苋进行快速、准确的分类鉴定。ITS序列分析表明,长芒苋种内变异小,种间变异显著,可与其他苋属植物明显区分。西部苋与糙果苋之间ITS序列差异小,需依据SNP位点来区别。
关键词
ITS序列;异株苋亚属;长芒苋;西部苋;糙果苋;26S rDNA;SNP;PCRRFLP
中图分类号:
S 451; S4130
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.05291542.2017.05.021
Taxonomic circumscription of Amaranthus palmeri, A.rudis and A.tuberculatus
(Amaranthaceae) based on ITS sequences and SNP analysis
Xu Han1,2,Zhao Caiyun1,Liu Yongbo1,Chen Pengcheng3,Li Junsheng1
(1. Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing100012, China;
2. Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing100176, China;
3. Shaoxing EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Zhejiang312000, China)
Abstract
Alien invasive weeds Amaranthus palmeri, A.rudis and A.tuberculatus are difficult to distinguish from each other, and taxonomical identification only depends on seed morphologies. In this study, A.palmeri, A.rudis and A.tuberculatus could be identified quickly and precisely through PCRRFLP method, based on ITS and 26S rDNA analyses, and specific primers designed by SNP. The results show that there is no intraspecific variation within A.palmeri populations, but interspecific variation is significant. A.palmeri can be differentiated from other congeneric species by ITS.However, differences of ITS sequences between A.rudis and A.tuberculatus are small, they should be defined further by SNP analysis.
Key words
ITS;subgen. Acnida;Amaranthus palmeri;Amaranthus rudis;Amaranthus tuberculatus;26S rDNA;SNP;PCRRFLP
外来入侵植物长芒苋Amaranthus palmeri Watson、西部苋A.rudis Sauer和糙果苋A.tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer隶属苋科Amaranthaceae苋属Amaranthus异株苋亚属Acnida,原产北美,是美国大豆、玉米田的超级杂草[12]。近几年随中美两国贸易增加,经粮谷等货物传入我国风险加大,已在我国口岸多次被截获[3]。长芒苋、西部苋和糙果苋雌雄异株,与中国苋属雌雄同株种类相比,容易区分。其中,长芒苋雌株具有圆锥形穗状长花序和芒尖状硬直苞片等明显特征,容易识别。但西部苋和糙果苋形态相近,种间常发生杂交,一直是分类上的难题。Sauer[45]根据雌花花被片数目及等位酶分析将西部苋和糙果苋分开。Robertson[6]和Pratt[7]认为西部苋和糙果苋地理分布重叠,不能分为严格意义上的两个种。Costea和Tardif[8]建议将二者并为一个种,将西部苋作为糙果苋的变种A.tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer var. rudis (Sauer) Costea
对于以种子形态为物种主要识别依据的口岸部门,外来入侵杂草长芒苋、西部苋和糙果苋一直是鉴定的难点。本文对34种苋属植物的ITS序列和26S rDNA进行分析,通过SNP变异位点及特异性引物,借助PCRRFLP方法,对长芒苋、西部苋与糙果苋进行快速、准确的分类鉴定。ITS序列分析表明,长芒苋种内变异小,种间变异显著,可与其他苋属植物明显区分。西部苋与糙果苋之间ITS序列差异小,需依据SNP位点来区别。
关键词
ITS序列;异株苋亚属;长芒苋;西部苋;糙果苋;26S rDNA;SNP;PCRRFLP
中图分类号:
S 451; S4130
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.05291542.2017.05.021
Taxonomic circumscription of Amaranthus palmeri, A.rudis and A.tuberculatus
(Amaranthaceae) based on ITS sequences and SNP analysis
Xu Han1,2,Zhao Caiyun1,Liu Yongbo1,Chen Pengcheng3,Li Junsheng1
(1. Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing100012, China;
2. Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing100176, China;
3. Shaoxing EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Zhejiang312000, China)
Abstract
Alien invasive weeds Amaranthus palmeri, A.rudis and A.tuberculatus are difficult to distinguish from each other, and taxonomical identification only depends on seed morphologies. In this study, A.palmeri, A.rudis and A.tuberculatus could be identified quickly and precisely through PCRRFLP method, based on ITS and 26S rDNA analyses, and specific primers designed by SNP. The results show that there is no intraspecific variation within A.palmeri populations, but interspecific variation is significant. A.palmeri can be differentiated from other congeneric species by ITS.However, differences of ITS sequences between A.rudis and A.tuberculatus are small, they should be defined further by SNP analysis.
Key words
ITS;subgen. Acnida;Amaranthus palmeri;Amaranthus rudis;Amaranthus tuberculatus;26S rDNA;SNP;PCRRFLP
外来入侵植物长芒苋Amaranthus palmeri Watson、西部苋A.rudis Sauer和糙果苋A.tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer隶属苋科Amaranthaceae苋属Amaranthus异株苋亚属Acnida,原产北美,是美国大豆、玉米田的超级杂草[12]。近几年随中美两国贸易增加,经粮谷等货物传入我国风险加大,已在我国口岸多次被截获[3]。长芒苋、西部苋和糙果苋雌雄异株,与中国苋属雌雄同株种类相比,容易区分。其中,长芒苋雌株具有圆锥形穗状长花序和芒尖状硬直苞片等明显特征,容易识别。但西部苋和糙果苋形态相近,种间常发生杂交,一直是分类上的难题。Sauer[45]根据雌花花被片数目及等位酶分析将西部苋和糙果苋分开。Robertson[6]和Pratt[7]认为西部苋和糙果苋地理分布重叠,不能分为严格意义上的两个种。Costea和Tardif[8]建议将二者并为一个种,将西部苋作为糙果苋的变种A.tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer var. rudis (Sauer) Costea