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宋元南戏最初来自民间,其曲词、念白广泛吸收了当时社会通行的成语、谚语及格言、警语等,不仅有力增强了戏曲舞台表演效果,更向基层民众巧妙传授了切于实用的生活伦理,有效发挥了戏曲社会教化的功能。宋元四大南戏《荆》、《刘》、《拜》、《杀》频繁引用民间谚语、格言的现象颇具代表性。南戏中这些通俗且警拔的语句又见于宋元以来的一些道德教育读物如《名贤集》、《增广贤文》、《事林广记》等。对照考察宋元南戏中谚语、格言与《增广贤文》等读物内容相同相近情况,可以从一个独特角度梳理、归结出宋元民间社会所推重的一些生活伦理价值,进而探讨民间生活伦理与戏文创作之间的互动关系。
Song and Yuan dynasties originally came from the folk. Their songs and narration widely absorbed idioms, proverbs, proverbs, aphorisms and so forth that prevailed in the society. Not only did they effectively enhance the performance of the opera stage, they also cleverly taught the people of the grassroots the practical life Ethics, effectively play a drama of social enlightenment function. The Four Southern Songs “Jing”, “Liu”, “Bai” and “Kill” frequently cited folk proverbs. The motto of the motto is representative. In South opera, these popular and vigilant sentences are also found in some moral education books since the Song and Yuan Dynasties such as Ming Xian Ji, Zeng Guang Xian Wen, and Things Lin Guang Ji. The comparison between the proverbs and proverbs of the South opera in the Song and Yuan dynasties and the similar reading materials such as Zeng Guang Xian Wen can be summed up from a unique perspective and summed up some of the life ethic values advocated by the civil society in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and then explored the relationship between folk life ethics and The interactive relationship between writing and writing.