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二十世纪中国散文是一个独特的文学现象或审美对象 ,无论数量、成就都构成了一个异常丰富、重要的研究对象 ,但综观整个二十世纪 ,有关诗歌、小说、戏剧的研究均非常突出 ,也取得了大批理论成果 ,惟独散文理论的研究非常薄弱 ,或停留在表面的描述与直感式的介绍层次 ,或停留在古典散文所提供的美学范畴 ,甚至散文作为一种文类能否确立 ,如何确立这样一些基本问题以及与此相关的若干基本概念等均未有澄清 ,更不用说整体地寻绎、归纳散文发展规律 ,从世纪跨度总结本世纪散文美学的特征、贡献与局限了。针对这一问题 ,本文选择了1 976— 1 996年这一阶段的散文实践作为个案研究的对象 ,一方面通过这二十年中散文现象的梳理与分析 ,初步厘定、归纳了此阶段散文发展的格局、演进轨迹及其背后所隐现的某种规律性 ;另一方面则通过对这一阶段散文美学建树与局限的评判 ,试图建立起有关散文创作与研究的基本理论标准与构架。
Twentieth-century Chinese prose is a unique literary phenomenon or aesthetic object. No matter its quantity or achievement, it constitutes an exceptionally rich and important subject of study. However, the study of poetry, fiction and drama all over the twentieth century is very prominent. But also made a large number of theoretical achievements. However, the research of prose theory alone is very weak, or stays on the surface of the description and the direct sense of introduction level, or stay in the classical essays provided aesthetic category, and even prose as a genre can establish, How to establish some basic problems and some basic concepts related to them have not been clarified, let alone find out and summarize the law of the development of prose, and summarize the characteristics, contributions and limitations of this century’s aesthetics from the span of the century. In response to this problem, this essay chooses the essay practice of this period from 1976 to 1996 as the object of case studies. On the one hand, through the reviewing and analyzing of the prose phenomena in the past two decades, this essay tentatively determined and summarized the development of essay On the other hand, through the evaluation of the construction and limitations of prose aesthetics at this stage, it attempts to establish the basic theoretical standards and framework of prose creation and research.