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磷光发射是分子激发态的特征之一.由于有机分子的三重态具有较长的寿命,允许激子长距离迁移,因此在光伏器件、光催化反应、显示与照明体系、分子传感和生物成像等光电领域具有广泛的应用前景.但由于有机化合物的磷光通常需要苛刻的条件(低温、无氧),这一领域的发展一直比较缓慢.近年来,科学家开始探索各种促进有机分子室温磷光的手段.从分子设计上,引入芳香羰基、重原子效应、氘代等促进三重态的产生;从材料设计上,利用主体分子和客体分子之间的作用,刚性的固相结晶结构,聚合物等来稳定有机分子的三重态,减少非辐射失活途径.很多研究中都是利用多种手段相结合的方法,最终获得长寿命、高量子产率的磷光材料.本文从长寿命磷光材料的构筑手段上进行分类,综述了近5年来室温磷光材料的最新研究进展及应用,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望.
Phosphorescence emission is one of the characteristics of the excited state of the molecule.As the triplet state of organic molecules has a longer lifetime and allows long-distance migration of excitons, in the field of photovoltaic devices, photocatalytic reactions, display and illumination systems, molecular sensing and biological imaging And other fields of optoelectronics have a wide range of applications.But due to the phosphorescence of organic compounds usually require harsh conditions (low temperature, anaerobic), the field of development has been relatively slow.In recent years, scientists began to explore a variety of organic molecules to promote room temperature phosphorescence From the molecular design, the introduction of aromatic carbonyl, heavy atom effect, deuterium and other promote the triplet generation; from the material design, the use of the interaction between the host molecule and the guest molecules, rigid solid crystal structure, polymers, etc. To stabilize the triplet state of organic molecules and reduce the non-radiation inactivation pathway.In many researches, we use a combination of means to finally obtain long-lived, high quantum yield phosphorescent materials.In this paper, from the construction of long-lived phosphorescent materials The latest research advances and applications of room-temperature phosphorescent materials in recent five years are summarized, and the future development direction is exhibited hope.