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与常规的分子溶剂相比,离子液体具有良好的导电性、强的静电场、独特的微环境等特性,尤其是离子液体内部存在多重弱相互作用,同时对CO2有较高的溶解性和活化作用,使其在CO2的电化学催化还原研究中受到越来越广泛的关注.本文介绍了近年来关于离子液体调控CO2电化学催化转化制备CO、甲烷等化合物的研究进展.离子液体的介入,不仅可以明显降低CO2还原的过电位,还能提高CO2还原时的电流密度,特别是离子液体介质与固体、纳米或分子催化剂之间所产生的协同作用,提高了CO2催化转化的选择性.离子液体中电化学催化转化CO2是实现CO2大规模利用的可行路线.该研究的深入进行,对于加深对CO2的活化和离子液体本身以及离子液体+催化剂体系的认识具有重要科学和实际意义.
Compared with the conventional molecular solvents, ionic liquids have good conductivity, strong electrostatic field, unique microenvironment and other characteristics. In particular, ionic liquids have multiple weak interactions and high solubility and activation of CO2 Has attracted more and more attention in the research of electrochemical catalytic reduction of CO2.In this paper, the research progress on the ionic liquid-controlled electrochemical conversion of CO2 to CO, methane and other compounds was introduced in this paper.Introduction of ionic liquids, It can not only reduce the overpotential of CO2 reduction significantly, but also increase the current density during CO2 reduction, especially the synergetic effect between ionic liquid medium and solid, nano or molecular catalyst and improve the selectivity of CO2 catalytic conversion. Electrochemical catalytic conversion of CO2 in liquid is a viable route to large-scale utilization of CO2. This research is of great scientific and practical significance for deepening the understanding of CO2 activation and ionic liquid itself as well as ionic liquid + catalyst system.