提出了直视合成孔径激光成像雷达(SAIL)概念,发射采用两个正交偏振同轴且相对扫描的空间抛物波差的光束,接收采用自差及相位复数化探测。在交轨向产生与目标点横向位置正比的线性项相位调制,在顺轨向产生以目标点纵向位置为中心的二次项相位历程,成像处理采用傅里叶变换实现交轨向聚焦和采用匹配滤波实现顺轨向聚焦。直视SAIL与侧视SAIL一样能够使用小光学孔径在远距离实现高分辨率二维成像,但具有本质独特性即线性和二次相位项和光学足趾及其相关联的成像分辨率无论在设计和使用时都具有很大的控制调整范围,并克服了存在于侧视SAIL中的许多技术难点。直视SAIL在原理和方法上都属于光学领域。给出了直视SAIL的一般性体系结构,在数学上详细描述了包括目标信息获取和成像处理的基本原理。 The concept of direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar (SAIL) was proposed. Two orthogonal polarized and relative-scanning spatial parabolic beams were launched using self-difference and phase complex detection. In the orbital direction, the linear term phase modulation is generated, which is proportional to the lateral position of the target point. The quadratic phase phase history centered on the longitudinal position of the target point is generated in the clockwise direction. The imaging process adopts the Fourier transform to achieve the orbital focusing and adoption Matching filter for tracking to the focus. Straight-view SAIL, like Side-view SAIL, enables the use of small optical apertures for high-resolution 2D imaging over long distances but with essential uniqueness of linear and quadratic phase terms and optical toes and their associated imaging resolution Have great control and adjustment range when designing and using, and overcome many technical difficulties existing in side view SAIL. Looking SAIL principle and method in the field of optics. The general architecture of direct view SAIL is given, and the basic principle including target information acquisition and imaging processing is described mathematically.