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通过在锡林郭勒盟锡林浩特市开展青贮玉米“3414”肥效试验,研究青贮玉米氮、磷、钾肥施肥效应,确定合理施肥量,指导农牧民科学施肥。试验表明:对青贮玉米增产作用最大的是氮肥,其次是磷肥,最小的是钾肥,增产幅度分别为20.5%~41.0%、16.2%~35.4%和9.6%~30.0%。不同产量水平地块,肥料的增产效应有较大差异,随着地力产量水平的提高,肥料增产效应呈降低趋势。当青贮玉米产量<60 000kg/hm~2时,每公斤肥料增产效果最大。通过施肥模型的建立,制定了不同土壤养分丰缺程度下氮、磷(P_2O_5)、钾(K_2O)肥的经济合理施肥量,其变幅范围分别为:69~219kg/hm~2、31.5~144.0kg/hm~2和24.0~97.5kg/hm~2。
Through silage maize “3414” fertilizer effect test in Xilinhot League, Xilin Gol, the fertilization effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in silage maize were studied to determine the reasonable fertilization rate and to guide the farmers and herdsmen in scientific fertilization. The results showed that nitrogen was the most important factor for increasing yield of silage maize, followed by phosphate fertilizer, and the smallest was potash fertilizer with the yield increasing 20.5% -41.0%, 16.2% -35.4% and 9.6% -30.0% respectively. Yield of different yield levels, fertilizer yield effects are quite different, with the improvement of soil productivity, fertilizer yield effect showed a downward trend. When silage corn production <60 000kg / hm ~ 2, the maximum yield increase per kilogram of fertilizer. Through the establishment of the fertilization model, the economic and reasonable fertilization amount of nitrogen, phosphorus (P_2O_5) and potassium (K_2O) fertilizers under different soil nutrient abundances and deficiencies were formulated, with the range of amplitude ranging from 69 to 219 kg / hm ~ 2,31.5 ~ 144.0 kg / hm ~ 2 and 24.0 ~ 97.5 kg / hm ~ 2.