论文部分内容阅读
目的了解甘肃省2004~2014年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,比较扩大免疫规划及强化免疫前后腮腺炎发病水平变化,为制定科学有效的免疫策略提供理论依据。方法对2004~2014年疾病监测系统报告的腮腺炎病例和爆发疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果 2008年对18~24月龄儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(MMR)后,2009、2010年较2007年腮腺炎报告发病率分别下降了58.00%、57.51%,2009年7岁、8岁组报告发病率较2007年下降74.29%、57.69%。2011~2012年报告发病率骤增。2013年对7~8岁儿童进行MMR强化免疫后,2014年报告发病率降至17.76/10万,与2012、2013年相比分别下降了71.31%、57.94%。其中2014年6岁和7岁组儿童发病率较2012年分别下降57.55%、71.56%。结论甘肃省只对18~24月龄儿童接种MMR,且学龄儿童为腮腺炎的高发人群,应考虑制定更合理的免疫策略,对新入学儿童接种MMR,以强化免疫屏障,降低腮腺炎发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps from 2004 to 2014 in Gansu Province and compare the changes of immunization programs with mumps before and after immunization to provide a theoretical basis for the development of a scientific and effective immunization strategy. Methods Descriptive analysis of mumps cases and outbreaks reported by the disease surveillance system from 2004 to 2014 were conducted. Results The incidence of mumps in 2009 and 2010 decreased by 58.00% and 57.51% respectively from 2009 to 2010 after immunization with 18- to 24-month-old children with MMR. In 2009, the incidence of mumps was 7 years, The incidence of 8-year-old group reported a decrease of 74.29% and 57.69% from 2007 respectively. 2011 ~ 2012 report a sharp increase in the incidence. In 2013, the incidence of MMR in children aged 7-8 years was reduced to 17.76 / 100000 in 2014, down 71.31% and 57.94% compared with 2012 and 2013 respectively. Incidence rates of children aged 6 and 7 in 2014 decreased by 57.55% and 71.56% respectively as compared with those in 2012. Conclusion MMR should be administered only to children aged 18-24 months in Gansu province and high incidence of mumps in school-age children. Consideration should be given to developing a more rational immunization strategy to vaccinate new-born children with MMR in order to strengthen immune barrier and reduce the incidence of mumps.