人类精神生活及其同一性是人类生存的最后文化防线,这道文化防线以伦理忧患的方式伴随着人类发展进程。在文明史上,伦理忧患常以“道德咒语”的方式对历史发展进行反思。中西方文明中具有终极意义的伦理忧患是“如果没有上帝,世界将会怎样?”和“世风日下,人心不古”。当下的“后”意识是人类对自身延续的精神链和文化链的伦理忧患。伦理忧患作为一种文化形态,对以物质力量为主导的发展方式进行伦理诊断、道德批评和文明预警,是人类现代化进程的平衡力量。 Human spiritual life and its identity are the last line of cultural defense for the survival of mankind. This cultural line of defense is accompanied by ethical concerns in the process of human development. In the history of civilization, ethical concerns often reflect on the development of history in such a way as “moral incantations.” The ethical crisis of ultimate significance in Chinese and Western civilizations is “If there is no God, what will happen to the world?” The present “post-” consciousness is the ethical concern of the spiritual chains and cultural chains that human beings continue to themselves. As a cultural form, ethical concern, as an ethical diagnosis, moral criticism and early warning of the development mode led by material forces, is the balancing force of the process of human modernization.