论文部分内容阅读
隐喻的认知特征让人们意识到,隐喻的翻译绝不仅仅是从一种语言符号转换成另一种语言符号,还应关注隐喻背后文化意义的传递。中医语言是一种基于隐喻认知的语言,从病因、病机到治疗再到方药无不渗透着隐喻的思维模式。然而,当前中医方剂名的英译存在诸多问题,概念隐喻的英译处理主要以直译策略为主,直接移植隐喻意象,由于文化的差异,译文往往失去原文所富有的文化意象,在英语中因不能产生原意象所触发的联想而失败。本文从隐喻的认知角度出发,提出对于方剂名中的隐喻翻译,译者的认知能力在隐喻的翻译中的作用不可忽视。译者对方剂名的认识不应该停留在语言层面,还应从认知的角度深入了解隐喻产生的心理基础,充分了解方剂名中可能含有的隐喻,并尽可能再现原文中的隐喻。此外,由于中医文化的异质性和民族特色,或音译,或加注解,需灵活采用翻译策略。对于结构隐喻采用喻义优先原则,译者应以传达原意象的含义为主要目标,通过意译法摆脱语言形式的限制,通过语义转换传达基本信息,再现隐喻含义。
The cognitive characteristics of metaphor make people realize that the translation of metaphor must not only be converted from one language symbol to another language symbol, but also should pay attention to the transmission of the cultural significance behind the metaphor. Chinese language is a language based on metaphorical cognition, from the etiology, pathogenesis to treatment to prescriptions are all permeated with metaphorical mode of thinking. However, there are many problems in the English translation of the names of TCM prescriptions. The English translation of conceptual metaphors mainly focuses on the strategies of literal translation. It transplants the metaphorical images directly. Due to cultural differences, the translation often loses its rich cultural image. Can not produce the original image triggered by the association failed. From the cognitive perspective of metaphor, this paper proposes that the role of translator’s cognitive ability in metaphorical translation can not be neglected in metaphorical translation of prescription names. The translator should not stop at the level of language, but also understand the psychological basis of metaphor from the perspective of cognition, fully understand the metaphors that may be contained in prescription names, and try to reproduce the original metaphors as much as possible. In addition, due to the heterogeneity and ethnic characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, or transliteration or annotation, translation strategies should be flexibly adopted. For structural metaphor adopts the principle of metaphorical priority, the translator should take the meaning of conveying the original image as the main goal, get rid of the restriction of the language form through the free translation method, convey the basic information through the semantic transformation, and reproduce the metaphorical meaning.